Round or 12-sided? Start there
Look at the shape. A round, thick, gold-colored coin is the old pound. You can't spend it any more, but a few dates are worth keeping. A 12-sided coin with a silver-colored center is the current pound, first issued in 2017 and still legal tender.
On a round pound the reverse and the edge tell you almost everything. Each design was used in particular years and each came with its own edge inscription, so the picture, the date and the edge should always agree. Most were made by the tens of millions. The ones to keep are the low-mintage issues of 2008 to 2014, led by the 2011 Edinburgh with 935,000 made, followed by the 2011 Cardiff, the 2010 London, the 2008 Royal Arms and the floral coins.
Round pounds released into circulation
Collector-only pounds and the 12-sided designs
| Coin | Year | Circulation mintage | Value band |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1998 Royal Arms £1 Coin | 1998 | Collector issue | Small premium |
| 1999 Lion Rampant £1 Coin | 1999 | Collector issue | Small premium |
| 2015 Shield of the Royal Arms £1 Coin (Sets Only) | 2015 | Collector issue | Small premium |
| 2016 Shield of the Royal Arms £1 Coin | 2016 | Collector issue | Small premium |
| 2016 Last Round Pound £1 Coin | 2016 | Collector issue | Small premium |
| Nations of the Crown £1 Coin (2016 to 2022) | 2016+ | 1,404,146,369 | Face value |
| Bees £1 Coin (2023 to today) | 2023+ | 19,040,000 | Face value |
The round pound, 1983 to 2016
The round pound arrived in 1983 to replace the £1 note. It was a thick nickel-brass coin with a lettered edge. The first design, the ornamental Royal Arms, was struck 443,053,510 times. After that the Royal Mint rotated the reverse through designs for each nation of the United Kingdom, coming back to a UK-wide design every five years until 2003.
- 1983, 1993, 1998 and 2003: the ornamental Royal Arms (the 1998 coin was made for sets only)
- 1984 to 1987, repeated 1989 to 1992: a thistle for Scotland, a leek for Wales, a flax plant for Northern Ireland and an oak tree for England
- 1988: a crowned shield of the Royal Arms
- 1994 to 1997, repeated 1999 to 2002: a lion rampant, a Welsh dragon, a Celtic cross with torc and three lions (the 1999 coin was made for sets only)
- 2004 to 2007: four bridges, the Forth, the Menai, the Egyptian Arch and the Gateshead Millennium Bridge
- 2008 to 2016: Matthew Dent's Shield of the Royal Arms
- 2010 and 2011: four capital cities; 2013 and 2014: four floral emblems
- 2016: the Last Round Pound with four heraldic beasts, for collectors only
Edge inscriptions tell you the design
Most round pounds carry a Latin or Welsh phrase on the edge. DECUS ET TUTAMEN, meaning an ornament and a safeguard, appears on the UK-wide, English and Northern Irish designs. Scottish designs use NEMO ME IMPUNE LACESSIT, roughly no one provokes me with impunity. Welsh ones use PLEIDIOL WYF I'M GWLAD, true am I to my country, a line from the Welsh national anthem.
Two series break the pattern. The 2004 to 2007 bridges have only an incuse pattern of bridges and pathways. The 2010 and 2011 capital cities use each city's motto: DOMINE DIRIGE NOS for London, PRO TANTO QUID RETRIBUAMUS for Belfast, Y DDRAIG GOCH DDYRY CYCHWYN for Cardiff and NISI DOMINUS FRUSTRA for Edinburgh.
Why the round pound was withdrawn
Forgery. Toward the end of its life the Royal Mint estimated that about one in thirty round pounds in circulation was fake. The answer was a new coin packed with security features. Both circulated side by side for a few months, then the round pound ceased to be legal tender on 15 October 2017.
Some banks may still accept them as a deposit into your own account, but a scarce date is better kept or sold to a collector.
The 12-sided pound from 2017
The current £1 entered circulation on 28 March 2017. It's made of two metals, a gold-colored outer ring around a silver-colored center. Its 12 sides make it easy to recognize by touch. Security features include a latent image that switches between a £ symbol and the number 1 as you tilt the coin, plus tiny lettering on both sides.
The Nations of the Crown reverse, an English rose, Welsh leek, Scottish thistle and Northern Irish shamrock emerging from a crown, was designed by David Pearce, a teenager who won a public competition. It ran from 2016, with coins struck ahead of the launch, to 2022. The biggest year was 2017 with 749,616,200; the smallest was 2022 with 7,735,000. Coins with King Charles III carry a new reverse of bees, with 10,030,000 dated 2023 and 9,010,000 dated 2025.
Frequently asked questions
Can you still spend a round £1 coin?
No. The round pound stopped being legal tender on 15 October 2017. Some banks may still accept them as a deposit into your account. Collectors will happily take the scarce dates.
What is the rarest round pound?
The 2011 Edinburgh, with 935,000 made for circulation. A few collector-only issues were smaller, such as the 2016 Shield of the Royal Arms with 30,000 sold in brilliant uncirculated packs.
When did the 12-sided £1 come out?
It entered circulation on 28 March 2017, though the first coins are dated 2016. Both pounds circulated together until 15 October 2017.
What does DECUS ET TUTAMEN mean?
An ornament and a safeguard. The phrase comes from Virgil and has been lettered on British coin edges since the 1600s.
Is a 2022 12-sided £1 rare?
It's the lowest date of the Nations of the Crown design with 7,735,000 made, so it's scarcer than other years. A circulated one is still face value.
Mintage figures from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0), compiled from Royal Mint, Royal Canadian Mint and Royal Australian Mint figures. Sources.